Moto Learning Doujou: #22-11 Japanese Speaking and Writing from Scratch with Moto for JLPT N5 Beginner and Intermediate level, “Relative Pronoun じかんがありません。/やくそくがあります。”

①Improvement of Speaking and Writing

こんにちは。モトです。I am Japanese and I am teaching Japanese. In this series, I will share my practice way for N5 Beginner and Intermediate level learners who want to review.

If learners are studying Japanese only for JLPT as test preparation, it might be difficult to improve speaking and writing Japanese actually, because the test does not cover Speaking and Writing. Thus, we set a Goal to improve Speaking and Writing in this series while learning JLPT N5 Beginner topics.

Features and Advantages

・While using Practice Sheet, we try to remember Question and Response sentences as Dialogue to learn how to use word and grammar. (Using story or dialogues, it could be easier to remember them efficiently.)

・It is also good to partially hide some words in tables in Practice Sheet by hand to check your progress or you can also change part of words and make another sentence like improvisation music.

・After Speaking, through making your sentences, you can improve Writing. (Based on your sentences, it is good to make your Practice Sheet and play Dialogues with other learners.)

・I will apply Minna no Nihongo to speaking and writing practice that covers almost all topics introduced by Genki so Genki user can also use this series.

(I will cite English translation from the textbook as it is, or I try to translate some expressions by myself. Now I am also learning English so my translation and explanation could be not correct or not natural, sorry for that.)

②Instruction of Exercise

Before Speaking & Writing exercises, check vocabulary and grammar.

Step1 Vocabulary

promise, appointment やくそく yakusoku

an appointment to see a person

Personとあうやくそく Person to au yakusoku

errands, things to do 　ようじ youji

To join 　　　　　　　　　さんかします sankasimasu

Step2 Grammar

So, Today’s grammar topic is “Relative Pronoun　じかんがありません。or やくそくがあります。”.

While I referred to “日曜日　サッカーを見に行きませんか。”　and “すみません。日曜日はちょっと友達に会う約束があります。” on Page 186, Lesson 22, 例文8 in みんなの日本語初級Ⅰ第Ⅱ版本冊, I used same grammar pattern and wrote other sentences by combining other words like below [*1]. I added “[ ] My grammar interpretation”.

“☆☆Basic Example Dialogue”

A いっしょに　ゲームを　　しませんか。 [*1]

issyoni geemu wo simasenka

Would you like to play video game with me?

[To invite something, we can use ―ませんか。（see Lesson6）]

B すみません。　いま、ゲームをする　じかんが　ありません。 [*1]

sumimasen ima geemuwosuru jikanga arimasen

Sorry, I don’t have time now.

[ゲームをします becomes ゲームをする（Plain Style, Dictionary Form.）as Relative Pronoun to explain “じかん”. We can use the pattern “Subject は　Relative Pronounじかんがありません。”. The subject of whole sentence is わたし that has particle は. Inside of Relative Pronoun, I guess the subject is also わたしが.　In other words, original sentence could be “わたしは　わたしが　いま　ゲームをする　じかんが　ありません。” I think when the subject of whole sentence is same as another subject in Relative Pronoun, we can omit “Subjectが” so we can omit わたしが.　Moreover,　A is asking about B and they know B is subject in the response. Thus, B can omit “わたしは”. As you know, Verb あります requires がparticle. Finally, we say “すみません。　ゲームをする　じかん　が　ありません。”]

Step3　Speaking Exercise

Watch the video. You can use Speaking Practice Sheet.

Speaking Practice Video↓

https://youtu.be/ScGOVLuC1tM

“Practice Sheet”

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GDmW2MBwumazd1VdBQmKv_9nEk6uDMpq/view?usp=sharing

Step4 Writing Exercise

(W1) Read the above “☆☆Basic Example Dialogue” between Person A and B. The Dialogue contains Grammar topic in each time.

(W2) Try to make your dialogue between Person A&B like “☆☆Basic Example Dialogue”. In your dialogue, please try to use this time grammar topic “Relative Pronoun　じかんがありません。or やくそくがあります。” appropriately. Millions of mistakes are necessary for improvement, so you do not have to hesitate.

N5 level learner, if you have difficulty to write Dialogue style sentence, it is OK to write single sentences with grammar topic and OK to use only Hiragana. (It is easy-to-read to make space between word and word).

(W3) It is good to ask your teacher or Japanese friends to correct your sentences.

“For Intermediate Level Learners”

(W4) See the below “☆Advanced Example Dialogue”. Like the example, try to use this time Grammar topic “Relative Pronoun じかんがありません。or やくそくがあります。” at least once and make your original Dialogue. In other words, if you just use the topic at least once, you do not have to use the topic anymore and you can make your dialogue freely. It is also OK to add more Person A&B part to make longer Dialogue.

“☆Advanced Example Dialogue”

A:　Bさん、日本語のレッスンが終わったら。一緒に宿題をしませんか。

B:　すみません。今日は、会社の同僚を空港まで送る約束があって、無理なんですよ。

A:　そうですか。じゃあ、もし明日時間があれば、授業の前に、お互いの宿題をチェックしませんか。　

B:　いいですよ。じゃあ、明日は少し早めに教室に着くようにしますね。

So, like this, while using Today’s grammar topic, write your dialogue and if you add [ ] explanation and English translation, it will be helpful to understand and correct your sentences.

(If you have a difficulty to find out someone to correct your sentences and want to ask me to correct your sentences, check my “Moto Writing Doujou”.)

https://bit.ly/3xy1Hso

③Update Alert by SNS

I will continue to upload of this series for N5 Basic level. You can easily get each time update, if you follow my SNS account.

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④Other Activities

Need correction? →Check “Moto Writing Doujou”

https://bit.ly/3xy1Hso